Mendeley  

Zotero  

Mohammadi N, Hejazizadeh Z, Zeaiean Firouzabadi P, Karbalaee A. Spatiotemporal Changes in Regional Temperature Influenced by Global Warming in Tehran Province, Iran. Disaster Prev. Manag. Know. 2025; 15 (2) :124-143
URL: http://dpmk.ir/article-1-727-en.html

Background and objective Urban development has changed the characteristics of the land surface. These changes have the potential to influence weather patterns at a local scale. Consequently, with the rise in temperature, urban areas face a significant challenge known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal changes in regional temperature and the UHI extent in Tehran Province, Iran, using both meteorological and remote sensing data.
Method Daily temperature data from synoptic stations in Tehran (Shemiran, Chitgar, Mehrabad, Abali, Firuzkuh, and Geophysics) from 1996 to 2020 were obtained from the National Meteorological Organization to examine the temperature change using the Mann-Kendall test. To measure the regional average temperature based on MODIS images, the monthly land surface temperature (LST) data during 2014-2024 were downloaded from NASA’s website and calculated in ArcGIS Pro software. To prepare the UHI map, profile, and extent, Landsat 8 satellite images for 2024 were obtained from the USGS website and the thermal profile was drawn for the Tehran districts (1, 9, 18, 22) based on the highest LST. The Climate Engine application was used to prepare the maps for the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and LST between 2013 and 2024.
Results All stations’ temperatures showed an increasing trend except for Chitgar. The highest regional temperatures were seen in July and August. In 2015, Varamin and Rey cities experienced the highest LST in these months (52.5 °C), which increased to 52.97 °C in 2018. The study of the relationship between the trend in NDVI and LST showed a direct and inverse relationship. The examination of the UHI extent showed that the heat sources were in the south, southeast, west, southwest, and northern regions of Tehran. The air temperature and LST both showed similar and consistent change patterns in June and July.
Conclusion This study reveals that climate change, caused by global warming, summer subtropical high-pressure system, and air subsidence in Iran, as well as increased greenhouse gas emissions, land-use changes, and vegetation loss, have significantly altered the spatiotemporal patterns of temperature in urban areas of Tehran. The findings of this research can be utilized in developing long-term plans for adapting to climate change in the field of urban crisis management.