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1- University of Tehran
Abstract: (13 Views)
In recent years, the vulnerability of critical infrastructures to disasters particularly man-made incidents has become a central concern in crisis management and passive defense. Historical evidence shows that the fragility of urban critical assets significantly undermines the security and resilience of societies. Among these, urban water and wastewater systems, which is responsible for providivg safe drinking water, sanitary sewage disposal and its treatment, are vital; their impairment often leads to severe and irreversible social consequences, including public unrest. This study aims to develop an optimal pattern for assessing the vulnerability of Hamedan’s water and wastewater physical assets to man-made disasters. Using the integrated SECA-GIS approach, the evaluation considers criteria such as intrinsic weakness, safety and security weakness, location, complexity, dependency, and system redundancy. Results indicate that system redundancy (weight: 0.2467), safety and security weakness (0.1806), and system dependency (0.1532) are the top three factors influencing vulnerability. Asset-wise, water treatment plants, water pumping stations, and surface water resources rank highest in vulnerability. Pattern validation under three scenarios explosion, industrial hazards, and environmental contamination shows that water treatment plants have the highest vulnerability scores in the first two scenarios (4.1865), while surface water resources rank highest in the third scenario (3.6969). The consistency of these results with initial assessments, field observations, and prior studies confirms the reliability of the proposed pattern.
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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