Introduction
شccording to the international displacement monitoring centre, 14 million people lose their homes annually due to natural disasters. Given that no country is immune to natural hazards and disasters, it is imperative to increase preparedness for natural disasters. The importance of disaster management is thus undeniable. A crucial aspect of disaster management is planning and support. In this context, plans and solutions are anticipated and designed, including off-site facilities for construction logistics, as a site for manufacturing and distributing items during disasters. Off-site construction is a novel construction approach involving the design and production of non-prefabricated and prefabricated elements in a specified factory and outside the building site. 
In Iran, limited studies have been conducted using advanced industrial construction systems. Innovative methods can be developed for the construction of temporary shelters after disasters that can be implemented in various critical economic, cultural, and environmental conditions. In general, this research is an attempt to answer the following questions: Which criteria are most important in locating suitable land for post-disaster logistics? How do we identify a suitable land for post-disaster reconstruction logistics? Overall, this research aims to locate off-site construction sites to better respond to disasters. In this research, the criteria and requirements for constructing off-site facilities are first determined. Then, based on the opinions of experts, the importance of each criterion is calculated, and the suitable locations for off-site construction in Pardis town, Tehran, Iran, are selected, as a case study.

Methods
This is a descriptive-analytical survey study. To collect related information, a literature review was done, and a field study was done by visiting sites and completing checklists. To analyze the data, the multi-criteria decision-making model was used by combining the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process with the spatial information system. 
After finding the criteria for locating the off-site construction sites, the relative importance of each factor was determined using a questionnaire completed by a group of experts in the field, using the 9-point scale method developed by Thomas L. Saaty. From the scores provided by the experts, the weight of each sub-criterion was obtained according to the analysis performed in ExpertChoice software.
Subsequently, the prepared thematic maps were integrated and implemented using the ArcGIS Software. The outcome of integrating the maps generated using each of the selected models will be a raster map where the pixel values represent the suitability or unsuitability of a location for establishing an off-site construction site. In the final stage, based on the weight of each layer, the layers are integrated within the GIS Software to obtain a composite map of the weights of various criteria, considering the available data. The output of the final model presents a map of sites in Pardis town, categorized from highly suitable to highly unsuitable for off-site logistics facilities during the reconstruction phase.

Results
We identified four main criteria (natural factors, accessibility, physical factors, and economic factors) and 13 sub-criteria for locating the off-site construction sites (such as proximity to faults, distance from waterways, access to materials and resources, distance from primary arterial roads, access to the city center, distance from healthcare facilities, land parcel size, road width, industrial land use, vacant land, urban equipment and service use, private ownership, and government ownership). Criteria such as land parcel size, proximity to faults and industrial land use were found to be of high significance. The final generated map for Pardis town, intended for establishing off-site facilities, was categorized into five classes ranging from highly suitable to highly unsuitable. 
According to the analysis results, 16.1% of the area falls under the highly suitable category. Sites in District 7 of Pardis town were in this category, exhibiting favourable conditions for the establishment of off-site facilities in terms of distance from faults, land parcel size, and proximity to primary arterial roads, indicating their suitability for this type of land use Figure 1 shows the identified sites spotted as highly suitable using aerial photography.

Other considerable areas, such as districts 9 and 11, were also classified as highly suitable for constructing off-site facilities during the reconstruction phase of post-disaster management.

Conclusion
The results revealed that, in Pardis town, districts 6 and 7 have a suitable number of sites for off-site manufacturing during the reconstruction phase of post-disaster management due to the presence of industrial and vacant lands with large parcel sizes.

Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
There were no ethical considerations to be considered in this research.

Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors. 

Authors' contributions
All authors contributed equally to the conception and design of the study, data collection and analysis, interpretation of the results, and drafting of the manuscript. Each author approved the final version of the manuscript for submission.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Omran Pardis Company for providing the data needed to conduct this research.


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