1 2322-5955 Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization 786 Special Framework for Prioritizing Water Supply System Resilience Solutions Using Best-Worst (BWM) and Gray Relation Analysis (GRA) Methods. Case Study of Babol City Mohammadpour zahra b Nelooie Mohammadali c Zakeri Khatir Hadi d b Engineering and Passive Defense University Complex, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran c Engineering and Passive Defense University Complex, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran d Engineering and Passive Defense University Complex, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 09 07 2025 25 08 2025 Emphasis on building resilient infrastructure is essential due to the increasing impact of hazards on society. Studies and actions by water and wastewater companies in this regard play a fundamental role in strengthening the resilience of infrastructure. However, improving these conditions often faces challenges such as competing priorities and resource constraints. The aim of this research is to address this challenge by providing a dynamic method to rank optimal solutions, determine the actual level of different resilience-building solutions, and ultimately, help allocate resources correctly based on the priorities set in order to continue the functioning of the water supply system. In this article, a framework is presented to determine and prioritize optimal solutions to improve the resilience of the Babol city water distribution network under six categories of threats such as flood, earthquake, wear and tear, etc. in two asset categories of reservoir and pipelines using gray relation analysis and scoring by experts and specialists on components derived from the ERASMUS model, using the best-worst method and also considering the weaknesses in the network based on a field visit. The present study is applied in terms of methodology and information collection was carried out through library resources and interviews. The results show that among the 63 proposed solutions to improve the resilience of the bottleneck zone, after analysis and considering the decision-making components of time (with an importance coefficient of 0.22), cost (with a coefficient of 0.07), and performance (with a coefficient of 0.71), four solutions were determined as the options with the highest priority and great importance for this network. This zone requires special attention and the implementation of selected priority solutions to reduce the likelihood of vulnerability, increase resilience, and ultimately help ensure continued operation against hazards.
801 Special Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Water and Wastewater Physical Assets under Man-Made Disaster Scenarios: A Case Study of Hamedan City Vejdani Nozar Ali e Givehchi Saeed f Malekmohammadi Bahram g e Department of Disasters Engineering, Education and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. f Department of Disasters Engineering, Education and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. g Department of Disasters Engineering, Education and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 14 08 2025 30 09 2025 In recent years, the vulnerability of critical infrastructures to disasters particularly man-made incidents has become a central concern in crisis management and passive defense. Historical evidence shows that the fragility of urban critical assets significantly undermines the security and resilience of societies. Among these, urban water and wastewater systems, Which is responsible for providing safe drinking water, sanitary sewage disposal and its treatment, are vital; their impairment often leads to severe and irreversible social consequences, including public unrest. This study aims to develop an optimal pattern for assessing the vulnerability of Hamedan’s water and wastewater physical assets to man-made disasters. Using the integrated SECA-GIS approach, the evaluation considers criteria such as intrinsic weakness, safety and security weakness, location, complexity, dependency, and system redundancy. Results indicate that system redundancy (weight: 0.2467), safety and security weakness (0.1806), and system dependency (0.1532) are the top three factors influencing vulnerability. Asset-wise, water treatment plants, water pumping stations, and surface water resources rank highest in vulnerability. Pattern validation under three scenarios explosion, industrial hazards, and environmental contamination shows that water treatment plants have the highest vulnerability scores in the first two scenarios (4.1865), while surface water resources rank highest in the third scenario (3.6969). The consistency of these results with initial assessments, field observations, and prior studies confirms the reliability of the proposed pattern. 785 Special Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Seismic Resilience Indices in urban apartment buildings of Mashhad Biglari Ehsan h Biglari Ali i h Department of Architecture, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran i University of Golestan, Gorgan, Iran 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 24 06 2025 13 10 2025 Background and objective: To enhance seismic resilience, a precise and comprehensive identification of vulnerability components and a quantitative determination of each variable's impact in an integrated and systematic manner is considered the most fundamental and strategic approach. This research aims to evaluate seismic resilience through the application of multi-criteria decision-making methods, considering various dimensions, including physical, infrastructural, economic, social, and managerial components. This comprehensive approach enables the identification of strengths and weaknesses in each of these areas, creating a suitable platform for developing effective intervention programs aimed at improving resilience against earthquakes. Method: This research employs a systematic approach, initially extracting resilience indicators through a comprehensive literature review and identifying variables influencing each indicator. Subsequently, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized, alongside data processing techniques, to determine key factors. Following this, ten residential apartments in various locations across Mashhad were selected, and their resilience was assessed through a multi-criteria evaluation process using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, a comprehensive seismic resilience index was calculated by aggregating weighted values of standardized indicators, providing a holistic measure for evaluating the overall resilience of buildings. This index enables comparison and ranking of buildings based on their level of earthquake resilience. Results: The principal component analysis reveals significant correlations between the examined variables and seismic resilience. Among the principal components, the physical component exhibits the most substantial influence on the level of seismic resilience. Furthermore, considering the relationship between parameters and resilience indicators, housing quality, with a factor loading of 0.996, plays the most significant role in ensuring the seismic resilience of residential apartments in Mashhad. Conclusion: This research offers a comprehensive framework for assessing resilience, identifying existing vulnerabilities, and providing a crucial foundation for designing and implementing targeted and effective preventative measures. By considering the identified spatial patterns of vulnerability, these measures, as part of a resilience-based approach, can effectively mitigate earthquake damage. However, fully realizing the goals of this research requires replication in other regions of the country and at the national level to obtain a comprehensive picture of seismic resilience at a macro level, enabling more precise planning. 789 Special Designing Support Spaces for Residential Complexes, an earthquake scenario for Tehran (Case Study: Venus Residential Complex in District 22) Ghaemi Shahriar j Bagheritehrani Morteza k j Department of Architecture, Par.C., Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran. k Department of Architecture, Par.C., Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran. 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 20 07 2025 13 10 2025 Background and objective: Tehran, as a megacity, is highly vulnerable to earthquakes, particularly due to its location on active faults and high population density, especially in its high-rise and densely populated residential complexes like those found in District 22. This vulnerability necessitates a reevaluation of traditional crisis management paradigms. The inherent inability of external emergency response systems to provide immediate assistance during the initial hours of a crisis highlights the critical need for self-help and shelter solutions at the building scale. This research aims to design a support space for residential complexes in the event of an earthquake in Tehran. It seeks to establish and validate an efficient, resilient, and multi-functional design framework for support spaces within high-rise residential complexes, envisioning them as a local "resilience core" to ensure resident survival and safety during critical conditions. Method: This research adopts a mixed-methods (quantitative-qualitative) approach with a descriptive-analytical nature. It investigates District 22 of Tehran and the "Venus Residential Complex" as a case study. Data was collected through questionnaires administered to 30 experts and 50 residents. For data analysis, the Delphi method was employed to validate criteria, and Pearson's correlation tests along with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were utilized in SPSS software. Results: The results indicate that the design framework should be based on four main dimensions: physical resilience, functional resilience, social resilience, and flexibility. All 16 proposed indicators were confirmed through the Delphi process. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) affirmed a positive and significant relationship between these dimensions and overall resilience enhancement (RMSEA=0.001). Pearson's correlation test, used for prioritization, revealed that from the experts' perspective, flexibility (r=0.731) and functional resilience (r=0.722) had the greatest impact on the success of the design. Conclusion: This research concludes that an effective solution involves transitioning from the concept of a "crisis shelter" to a "multipurpose resilience core." This space should be integrated into residents' daily lives through everyday uses (e.g., as a gym or community hall) to ensure economic justification and social acceptance. The validated design framework and practical architectural solutions presented in this study provide an efficient tool for transforming vulnerable residential complexes into self-sufficient and earthquake-resilient communities. 790 Special Conceptual Framework for Built Environment Hazards Governance: A Mixed Method Approach Kazemi Mohammadreza l Dehghanpour-Farashah Afsaneh m l Faculty of Governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran m Faculty of Governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 21 07 2025 26 11 2025 Objective: The Structural Dysfunction of traditional risk management systems in dealing with the complexities of large metropolises has highlighted the necessity of shifting towards modern governance paradigms. While previous research has diagnosed the existing situation and emphasized the need for integrated and participatory approaches, few studies have focused on designing a structural and operational model capable of implementing governance principles in the context of physical hazards in Tehran. The main objective of this study is to fill this gap by designing and presenting a “conceptual framework” for the governance of physical hazards based on a synergistic and multi-level approach. Method: This study employed a qualitative approach using a “design research” strategy, which involved a two-stage process for model development. In the first stage, eleven key factors of a desirable governance system were extracted from the literature using the Thomas and Harden Meta-Synthesis method, based on a systematic review. In the second stage, these factors were used as input for the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method to determine the internal relationships and hierarchical structure among them, based on expert opinion. Findings: The findings from the meta-synthesis phase led to the identification of 11 key factors, including “Good Governance Principles,” “Network Structure,” “Safety Economy,” and “Culture Building & Social Responsibility.” The ISM analysis revealed that these factors form a multi-level hierarchical model. Factors such as “Good Governance Principles” and “Rule of Law” were identified as “fundamental drivers” at the lowest level, while factors like “Physical Resilience Standards” and “Command & Operations Structure” were positioned as “ultimate goals” at the highest level. The integration of these findings resulted in a final conceptual framework composed of a macro-level (policymaking), three main intervention levels (prevention, action, monitoring), and two cross-cutting enabling layers (safety economy and social responsibilities). Conclusion: The proposed conceptual framework, grounded in a scientific and structured methodology, offers an innovative response to the challenges of fragmentation and Structural Dysfunction in the traditional risk management system. By precisely defining actors, levels, and relationships, this framework provides an operational roadmap for the transition towards integrated, proactive, and participatory governance. It can serve as a foundation for reforming policies and institutional structures in the domain of physical safety in Tehran. 796 Special A Corpus Assisted Discourse Analysis of the Guidelines of Tehran City Coronavirus Disaster Management Headquarters Dashtian Moghadam Seyed Vahid n Modares Khiabani Shahram o Salavatian Siavash p Mohseni Henjeni Farideh n South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran o Department of English Language Teaching and Translation, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran p Faculty of Communication and Media, University of Radio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran Department of Persian Language and Literature, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 05 08 2025 23 12 2025 The COVID-19 pandemic, as a global health emergency, has attracted considerable attention from the international community. During the pandemic, effective management of COVID-19 by public health authorities depends on the effective dissemination of health-related information. The Corona Disaster Management Headquarters of the Greater Tehran Municipality, as one of the key institutions, developed guidelines for managing the Corona Disaster during the pandemic. However, an initial review of these guidelines shows that their effectiveness has been limited due to linguistic complexity, lack of adaptation to the needs of different audiences, and lack of consistency in the use of vocabulary. This study uses a corpus-based discourse analysis approach to examine the discourse of the guidelines of the Corona Disaster Management Headquarters in the Tehran City Disaster Prevention and Management Organization. A specialized, monolingual, and dynamic corpus with 452,624 words was extracted from 109 PDF files of guidelines related to the Corona Disaster. Data analysis was performed using Sketch Engine and WordSmith software, and high-frequency keywords such as “virus”, “corona”, “hand”, “material”, “disease” and “distance” were identified. The results show that the discourse in the guidelines had limited impact due to linguistic complexity, lack of classification for different audiences and lack of standardization of vocabulary. This research suggests that the effectiveness of Disaster communication can be improved by simplifying linguistic structures, developing guidelines appropriate for different levels of society, and using digital technologies. This study emphasizes the importance of corpus analysis in identifying language patterns and improving Disaster management, and provides a framework for developing effective guidelines in future Disasters. 800 Special Designing a Structural Model of Factors Affecting the Establishment of Quality Management in Natural Disasters Saffari Darberazi Ali Malekinejad Pooria Ahmadi Davood Department of Industrial Engineering, Bam Higher Education Complex, Bam, Iran Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran. 1 9 2026 16 2 0 0 13 08 2025 11 04 2026 Natural disasters have long been among the main causes of human casualties and significant changes in human lifestyles. Post-disaster actions can help affected individuals return to their normal lives more quickly. Implementing quality management in disaster situations aims to create a rapid relief environment, enhance safety in all aspects of relief operations, and provide timely support to affected populations. The purpose of this study is to design a structural framework for establishing quality management to improve disaster response in Iran. To achieve this, a review of the literature was conducted to identify influencing factors, and a pairwise comparison-based questionnaire was developed. This questionnaire was completed by 13 experts from the National Disaster Management Organization. Subsequently, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was employed to design the conceptual framework, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS3 software was applied to evaluate the model fit. The findings indicate that the nine identified factors are organized into six hierarchical levels, with strategic planning recognized as the most fundamental factor in the structure. Moreover, the results revealed that service delivery speed and safety can be considered as the key outcomes of the quality management model. The results of this study may serve as an effective roadmap for policymakers in the field of disaster management in Iran.