1 2322-5955 Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization 686 Special The Factors Affecting The Performance of Neighborhood Emergency Response Volunteers (Davam Groups) in Tehran, Iran Kabiri Saeed b Maddahi Javad c Anbari Mousa d Heidari Hossein e Nasiri Ali f Nazari Amin g Mozaffari Shahin h Ranginkaman Amir i b Department of Sociology, Institute for Humanities and Social Studies, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. c Department of Family Studies, Institute for Humanities and Social Studies, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. d Department of Social Development, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. e Department of Sociology, Institute for Humanities and Social Studies, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. f Department of Health in Disasters and Passive Defense, School of Public Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. g Tehran Urban Research and Planning Center (TURPC), Tehran, Iran. h Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO), Tehran, Iran. i Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO), Tehran, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 258 273 21 05 2024 17 09 2024 Background and objective The world have witnessed the increase in natural disasters. Which requires the active participation of people in their management. The participation of neighborhood emergency response groups is one of the ways to strengthen participatory crisis management at the neighborhood level. This research aims to investigate the factors affecting the performance of neighborhood emergency response volunteers (DAVAM groups) in Tehran, Iran.  Method This is a descriptive-correlational quantitative survey. The study population consists of the members of DAVAM groups from all 22 districts of Tehran. A convenience sampling method was used for recruiting 395 participants. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire measuring different performance dimensions in DAVAM groups. After excluding incomplete questionnaires, the data of 380 volunteers were used for analysis. The data analysis was done using path analysis. Results Group stability and perpetuation (β=0.326), satisfaction with membership in the group (β=0.226), and commitment to the group (β=0.214) had a significant direct effect on group loyalty. Also, group stability and perpetuation (β=0.623) and satisfaction with membership in the group (β=0.137) had a significant direct effect on commitment to the group. Group stability and perpetuation (β=0.630) had a significant direct effect on satisfaction with membership in the group. Moreover, group stability and perpetuation (β=0.295) and satisfaction with membership in the group (β=0.029) had a significant indirect effect on group loyalty. Also, group stability and perpetuation (β=0.087) had a significant indirect effect on commitment to the group. Etiology of dropout from the group (β=0.220), satisfaction with membership in the group (β=0.312) and commitment to the group (β=0.334) had a significant direct effect on group loyalty. Also, etiology of dropout from the group (β=0.176) and satisfaction with membership in the group (β=0.485) had a significant effect on commitment to the group. Etiology of dropout from the group (β= 0.256) had a significant direct effect on satisfaction with membership in the group. Moreover, etiology of dropout from the group (β= 0.180) and satisfaction with membership in the group (β=0.162) had a significant indirect effect on group loyalty. Also, etiology of dropout from the group (β=0.124) had a significant indirect effect on commitment to the group. Conclusion Active participation in DAVAM groups is affected by psychological, interpersonal, and organizational factors. When volunteers perceive a strong sense of in-group identity in these groups, they may show higher levels of commitment, satisfaction, and loyalty. On the other hand, effective leadership that strengthens the out-group identity can minimize the volunteers' internal conflicts and positively affect their commitment and satisfaction. 
664 Special Dynamics Analysis of the Aviation Accident Management System in Iran and Identifying the Prevention Policies Moradi Mostafa j Ahmadvand Ali Mohammad k Samadi-Foroushani Marzieh l j Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanekey, Semnan Province, Iran. k Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanekey, Semnan Province, Iran. l Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanekey, Semnan Province, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 274 291 02 03 2024 13 05 2024 Background and objective Discovering the causes of aviation accidents and their prevention as well as solving aircraft design and construction defects are needed to prevent aviation accidents in the future. The present study aims to investigate the dynamics of the aviation accident management system in Iran and identify prevention policies. Method In this study, a dynamic model for the aviation accident management system of Iran was designed based on the opinions of policy-makers and aviation experts. After validation, the model was simulated for a 20-year time horizon. According to the Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis results, the aviation accident prevention policies were identified based on three strategies: Development of the country’s aircraft fleet, standardization and improvement of flight safety, and development of pilots’ flight competencies. After applying the policies of each strategy separately on the tested model, the results were compared. Results The identified policies included: 1. Financing and budget allocation for aircraft fleet development and purchasing new aircraft to reduce the obsolete fleet by 50% in 5 years, 2. Supporting the aircraft industries in the country and transferring advanced technologies to the country in contracts, 3.) Improving the standards of flight planning and existing aircraft, 4. Increasing the monitoring of flight planning implementation quality according to international standards, 5. Using the aircraft development financial resources for the development of flight safety equipment, 6. Investigating the causes of aviation accidents and implementing risk assessment tests according to national guidelines (CAD 1119), 7. Increasing the productivity of aviation higher education courses and improving the competences of pilots and 8. Increasing the monitoring of pilots’ physical and mental fitness for flight.  Conclusion The proposed dynamics model of the aviation accident management system in Iran is an efficient model according to the data of national and international civil aviation organizations. 691 Special Presenting a Mathematical Model for Optimizing the Cold Food Supply Chain During Disasters Kheyrati Leila m Darvish Motevalli Mohammad Hossein n m Department of Information Technology Management, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kish, Iran. n Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 292 309 12 06 2024 20 08 2024 Background and objective One of the most important goals of the crisis management headquarters is the proper preparation and distribution of food to the affected people during a disaster. Due to the limitations related to shelf life and storage of perishable food products, operational costs, and transportation, their distribution is challenging. In this study, we aim to develop a mathematical model using integer linear programming for the optimization of cold food supply chain during disasters.  Method This study uses an operational research approach. A two-objective mixed integer linear programming model was designed for a cold, stable and multi-level supply chain in the food industry in the conditions of uncertainty and crisis. In this programming model, the economic order quantity (EOQ) performance optimization method was used to determine the optimal order point. The presented model was solved based on the real data obtained from the crisis management headquarters in Iran and implemented as a pilot for 16 supply centers, 5 distribution channels, and 35 crisis management headquarters with two LP-metric and augmented epsilon constraint (AEC) methods. Results The findings of testing research hypotheses using one-way analysis of variance showed that the use of mathematical models had a positive and significant effect on the optimization of the cold food supply chain during disasters. In this regard, there was no significant difference between LP-metric and AEC methods (P>0.05). Also, the use of mathematical models had a positive and significant effect on improving the quality of food industry. Optimizing the supply chain by the mathematical model has a positive and significant effect on the performance of food industries. The optimal order point in the chain model had a EOQ of 3436 units. Conclusion By using the presented mathematical model, it is possible to optimize the management process of the cold food supply chain during disasters. It has a higher performance compared to traditional approaches. It is expected that by using the presented mathematical model, relief operations and food distribution during disasters can be facilitated and optimized. 671 Special Crisis Management Strategies of Small Businesses in the Food Industry in Iran During the COVID-19 Pandemic Karimi Jafari Fatemeh o Bairamzadeh Sona p Dabiri Arash o Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Finance, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran. p Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Finance, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Finance, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 310 335 25 03 2024 24 08 2024 Background and objective The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented shock to many industries in the world, including food industries. They were forced to make fundamental changes in their business strategies to maintain their survival and competitive position. The identification of these crisis management strategies can be useful for making efficient and effective decisions in the future. Therefore, this study aims to identify crisis management strategies of small businesses active in the food industry in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method This is a descriptive-survey mixed-method study. In the qualitative phase, participants were 15 experts who underwent interviews continued until reaching theoretical data saturation. They were selected using a snowball sampling method. In the quantitative phase, participants were 314 supervisors and senior and middle-level managers of organizations active in food production in Iran, who were selected using a cluster random sampling method. They completed a researcher-made questionnaire. Results Ten crisis management strategies in three general categories of crisis strategies, survival strategies, and resilience strategies were identified. Crisis strategies included “reduction”, “integration and communication”, and “development and endurance”. Survival strategies were “chasing after competitors”, “infrastructure preparation”, and “strategic planning and orientation”. Resilience strategies were “work-related”, “financial”, “marketing”, and “human resource empowerment” strategies.  Conclusion The small businesses active in the food industry in Iran used different crisis, survival and resilience strategies during the pandemic to maintain their activities. Attention to these effective strategies is recommended to properly cope with future crises in the food industry. 680 Special The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction in The Relationship of Job Performance With Career Adaptability and Job Commitment in Employees of the Fire Department in Qom, Iran Eskandari Nayyereh Hamidizadeh Ali Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Campus of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran. Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Campus of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 336 355 20 04 2024 27 08 2024 Background and objective The role of fire departments in helping people in need is essential. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship of job performance with career adaptability and job commitment in employees of the Fire Department in Qom, Iran. Method This is a descriptive-correlational study. Participants were 60 employees of the Fire Department In Qom Province, Iran, who were selected by simple random sampling method. Four questionnaires were used to collect data: Song et al.’s career adapt-ability scale, Blau & Boal’s job commitment scale, Irawanto et al.’s job satisfaction scale, and Sony & Mekoth’s job performance scale. The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling with a partial least squares approach in Warp PLS software, version 7.0. Results Job commitment had a significant relationship with job satisfaction (t=0.687, P<0.001). The relationship of career adaptability with job satisfaction was not significant (P=0.087). The relationship of job satisfaction with job performance was significant (t=0.321, P=0.004). The relationship of job commitment with job performance mediated by job satisfaction was significant (t=0.221, P<0.001). The relationship of career adaptability with job performance was not significant even after mediation by job satisfaction (P>0.05). Conclusion Job commitment in employees of the Fire Department In Qom Province has no significant direct relationship with their job performance; however, it has an indirect significant relationship with their job performance after mediation by job satisfaction. Their career adaptability has no significant relationship with job satisfaction. There is no significant relationship between career adaptability and job performance in fire department employees, even after mediation by job satisfaction. 683 General Identification of Motivational Criteria for Acquiring Logistics Knowledge in Natural Disasters Using the Fuzzy DANP Method Ghasemi Nematollah Keshtkar Hranaki Mehran Isaee Hossein Bitraf Ahmed PhD student in Strategic Knowledge Management, School of Strategic Management, National Defense University, Tehran, Iran. PhD student in Strategic Knowledge Management, School of Strategic Management, National Defense University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Logistics, Faculty of Humanities, Imam Hossein (AS) Tarbiat Pasdari University, Tehran, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 356 373 08 05 2024 20 08 2024 Background and objective One of the issues that logistics organizations deal with is the incidence of natural disasters. Due to the unpredictability of natural disasters and the need to deal with them quickly and correctly, the lack of motivation to acquire related knowledge in logistics organizations can adversely affect their performance. This study aims to identify the motivational criteria for acquiring logistics knowledge in natural disasters for logistics organizations. Method This is a cross-sectional study. Participants were 20 experts from a logistics organization in Tehran, Iran, who were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. To collect the required information, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. After identifying the motivational criteria, they were prioritized using the fuzzy DANP (DEMATEL-based analytic network process) method. Results We identified 20 motivational criteria according to previous studies and the opinions of experts. Then, these criteria were categorized into six general groups: 1. Individual competencies of logistics staff, 2. Organizational culture, 3. Information technology, intelligence and social media, 4. Spatial and environmental conditions, 5. Career advancement and promotion and 6. Support systems. Conclusion To motivate the acquisition of logistics knowledge in natural disasters, it is necessary to pay attention to the individual competencies of employees, organizational culture, information technology infrastructure, environmental conditions, employee career promotion and support systems. 670 Special Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Failure in Relief Items Distribution During Natural Disasters in the Iranian Red Crescent Society Saghehei Ehsan Erfani Vahid Etesam Mohammad Reza Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran. Resilience in Accidents and Disasters Research Center, Iranian Red Crescent Society, Tehran, Iran. Health Management in Mass Gatherings Research Center, Iranian Red Crescent Society, Tehran, Iran. 1 12 2024 14 3 374 391 21 03 2024 09 06 2024 Background and objective Distribution of relief items is one of the special and important functions in response to natural disasters. The occurrence of significant deviations in distribution operations can increase the level of financial costs and loss of lives. This study aims to identify and assess the risks of failure in relief items distribution in the Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS).  Method We used the failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) to identify and assess the risks. The distribution operation was divided into three main processes of crisis assessment, accident analysis and decision-making by the command system and distribution of relief items and the activities related to each process were specified. In addition to the process of identifying and assessing risks, various interviews were conducted with the rescue and relief experts of the IRCS regarding the issues and problems of the distribution of relief items. A list of the most important challenges in the process of distributing relief items was thus prepared.  Results For three processes, we identified 104 potential failures. After the implementation of the risk assessment phase, 20% of the identified risks were considered unacceptable. The consequences of about 80% of the risks were time delay, disruption in the distribution process and reworking of activities. Most of the proposed recommendations by experts were related to designing information systems for distribution operations with 25 iterations, highlighting the importance of mechanizing processes related to distribution operations and using new technologies.  Conclusion Due to the high level of identified risks, it can be concluded that the current control mechanisms in the IRCS are not effective and need serious revision. Designing information systems for managing distribution operations, preparing documents required for distribution operations, using new technologies such as rescue drones and tracking systems and assigning separate teams to distribute relief items are the most important recommendations proposed to control and reduce identified risks.