1 2322-5955 Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization 652 Special A Review of Resilience and Fairness Concepts and Modeling in Humanitarian Logistics Using a Meta-analysis Approach Aghayani Parham b Nikbakhsh Ehsan c b Department of Socio-Economic Systems Engineering, Faculty of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. c Department of Socio-Economic Systems Engineering, Faculty of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 2 23 08 01 2024 02 03 2024 Background and objective The world is facing with the increase in natural disasters, wars and terrorism. Proper logistic planning and timely delivery of relief items before and after disasters can save lives and property of affected people. This study aims to review the literature on the concepts of resilience and fairness and their modeling in humanitarian logistics.  Method The data in this study are qualitative, collected from books and articles published from 2010 to 2023 and available in online databases such as Google Scholar and Scopus. Then, using the meta-analysis method, they were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Results Fairness and resilience are challenging issues for emergency and relief organizations. Despite the practical importance of these two concepts in humanitarian logistics, limited attention has been paid to them in literature. Some research areas included simultaneous consideration of fairness and resilience, the use of indicators to create efficient resilience in the distribution of relief items and the adoption of risk-averse approaches to estimate uncertainty, such as robust optimization. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of fairness and resilience and their measurement in humanitarian logistics. Despite their importance in humanitarian logistics, there are still research gap. Further studies can greatly contribute to improving the planning ability of emergency and relief organizations.  
655 General Relationship Between the Feeling of Insecurity and Social Responsibility After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Tabriz, Iran Hajilou Fattaneh d Aghdam Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh e Rostami Mostafa f d Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. e Department of Social Sciences, Center of Excellence in Health Sociology, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. f Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 24 43 12 01 2024 13 03 2024 Background and objective Social responsibility is one of the most important social characteristics that becomes more important when natural and human hazards occur. The current research aims to examine the relationship between the feeling of insecurity and social responsibility after the COVID-19 pandemic in Tabriz, Iran.  Method This is a quantitative survey study. Participants were 384 residents of Tabriz city aged 18-70 years who were selected using multi-stage cluster method. Data were collected using questionnaires. Results There was a significant and inverse relationship between the feeling of insecurity and social responsibility. People’s social responsibility was significantly different based on gender, educational level, and occupation, but there was no significant difference based on age. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic had a role in reducing the social responsibility of people in Iran by creating a sense of insecurity in social interactions.   653 Special Locating the Optimal Areas for Multipurpose Urban Shelters Based on the Principles of Passive Defense in Isfahan, Iran Hajarian Ahmad g g Department Geography and Rural Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 44 59 11 01 2024 13 03 2024 Background and objective Passive defense is an important issue such that developed countries have dedicated an important part of their comprehensive and national plans to this matter. In developing countries such as Iran, where urban infrastructure is still under construction, the need to pay attention to passive defense to reduce the damages is more important. The present study aims to locate the optimal places for multipurpose urban shelters based on the principles of passive defense in Isfahan, Iran. Method Ten indicators were selected for locating the optimal places based on four main criteria (demographic, functional, physical and natural/environmental). Their coefficients of importance were determined using the analysis network process (ANP) method. The coefficients were used in the information layers in the GIS software, version 10.5. By overlaying the layers, the optimal areas for constructing urban shelters were identified. Results Two demographic and functional criteria with weights of 0.429 and 0.321, respectively, were the most important criteria and two indicators of “distance from the crowded places” and “distance from the centers prone to enemy attacks” were the most important indicators with weights of 0.303 and 0.126, respectively. The results of the combined analysis (ANP-GIS) showed that the northeastern and southeastern regions were the optimal areas for constructing urban shelters. Conclusion It is necessary to use the principles and operational strategies of non-active defense with emphasis on the principle of neighborhood for the location of urban shelters. The innovation of the present research is in the indicators used and also the scope of the study.   644 Special Policy Analysis of Man-Made Fire Management in North Zagros Forests Using the System Dynamics Approach Kouranifar Amirreza h Ahmadvand Ali Mohammad i Samadi-Foroushani Marzieh j h Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanekey, Iran. i Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanekey, Iran. j Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanekey, Eyvanekey, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 60 81 12 12 2023 21 01 2024 Background and objective The growing concern about climate change has increased awareness about the essential role of forest ecosystems. About 36% of forest lands in the world have affected by forest fires. Fire affects the functioning of the ecosystem and forests and causes soil erosion and changes in the carbon cycle over the climate, vegetation and lands. This study aims to identify and analyze the policies for the management of man-made fires in the Zagros forests, with a focus on the causes of man-made forest fires (intentional or accidental) Method Using the system dynamics approach, the model of forest fire management was designed in Vensim DSS software, version 6.4E with the participation of natural resources policy makers from the Lorestan province in Iran and the fire data of North Zagros forests. The model was simulated over a 20-year horizon. Based on the Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis. forest fire management policies were investigated based on three main strategies: Prevention of fire incidents in the forests and pastures of North Zagros, command and management of fire incidents in the forests and pastures of North Zagros, and reconstruction of the forests and pastures of North Zagros after the fire incident. Finally, by applying the policies, each strategy was tested separately on the model and the results were compared. Results Based on the results of the model simulation, the propose policies included:  1. Providing forest protection equipment, 2. Matching the number of rangers with the density of forests, 3. Specialized training for rescue and protection forces, 4. Raising public awareness about the consequences of forest damage using local and national media, 5. Supporting NGOs and training local volunteers to protect forests and pastures, 6. Developing incident command systems, 7. Developing a decision-support system based on knowledge management of forest fires, 8. Developing an incident command system for inter-organizational coordination at the time of fire incidents and 9. Investigating and analyzing the root causes of each fire incident. Conclusion The proposed model is an application of the system dynamics approach for developing policies of man-made forest fire management, validated based on the fire data of the North Zagros forests in Lorestan province.   639 Special Perceptions of Relief Workers in Iran Regarding the Quality of Emergency Group Therapy Sessions for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and the Related Factors Sanatkhah Alireza k Shoaa Haniye Anjom l Behzadpour Hassan m k Department of Sociology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran. l Department of Sociology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran. m Department of Management, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 82 101 30 10 2023 13 03 2024 Background and objective Considering that relief workers have a stressful job and regularly face trumatic events that remain in their minds, this research aims to survey the perceptions of relief workers in Iran about the quality of emergency group therapy sessions for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and investigate the related factors. Method The is descriptive and qualitative study. The study population includes all relief workers (Red Crescent, emergency, and fire workers) in Fars province in 2022. Purposive and convenince sampling methods wee used for sampling. The participants were 26 eligible relief workers. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data information. To determine the reliability of the data, three methods were used: Content validity according to the opinions of participants, analytical comparisons and the audit technique according to the opinions of experts. The data were analyzed according to the grounded theory method using open, axial and selective coding. Results The results indicate that causal factors included organizational rules and regulations, accountability, efficient management and psychol-personality concepts. Contexual factors included irregular holding of sessions, media capacity, lifestyle, communication skills, and history of mental illness. The intervening factors included the rereconstruction of memories and emotional excitability. The strategies included relaxation and religious activities. The consequence included reduced stress, being of the same mind and group cohesion, Unloading psychological burden. Conclusion The quality of group therapy sessions for PTSD in Iranian relief workers is influenced by factors that are related to their lifestyle and the management structure of their organizations.   649 General Identifying the Effective Indicators of Knowledge Management for the Management of Natural Disasters in Iran Aslani Farshid n Ataeyan Elahe o Bahmani Akbar p n Department of Public Management, Tehran Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. o Department of Business Administration, Mazandaran Payame Noor University, Sari, Iran. p Department of Public Management, Tehran Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 102 117 26 12 2023 13 03 2024 Background and objective In recent years, the world has seen an increase in catastrophic events. One important challenge for the countries is their vulnerability to natural disasters. The present study aims to identify and explain the effective indicators of knowledge management for the management of natural disasters in Iran. Method This is a descriptive survey study (qualitative/quantitative). Participants were the members of the crisis headquarters in Mazandaran Province and the experts in urban crisis management (n=50). Library method was used to assess theoretical foundations, definitions and concepts. To collect information, a researcher-made questionnaire was used whose validity and reliability were confirmed using content validity and test-re-test method, respectively. The collected data were described using descriptive statistics in SPSS software, version 22. Results The results confirmed the role of knowledge management in three domains: Crisis management process, the specialized equipment for rescue operations, and factors influencing crisis management. The coefficient of importance for each component was calculated separately. The total score was 327 for the crisis management process, 386 for the specialized equipment for rescue operations, and 468 for factors influencing crisis management. Conclusion In evaluating the role of knowledge management in management of natural disasters in Iran, its impact on the factors influencing crisis management is more important than the impact on crisis management process and the specialized equipment for rescue operations. Knowledge management can play a vital role by ensuring the availability and access to accurate and reliable information about disasters and through effective education.   658 Special Proposing a Three-dimensional Model of the Effect of Information Systems in Crisis Management of Telecommunication Networks Tabrizi Saifallah Rezghdeh Keivan Dashtizadeh Parisa Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economy and Acccounting, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Information Technology Management, Faculty of Management,Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Information Technology Management, Faculty of Management,Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2024 14 1 118 137 20 01 2024 13 03 2024 Background and objective The lack of high-quality information systems that can help the organization in performing its duties at the time of crisis can be a problem for telecommunication networks. This research is an attempt to improve the two-dimensional model of the information system (system quality and information quality) for crisis management by adding a third dimension “knowledge of users and analysts” and presenting a three-dimensional model of information system for crisis management of telecommunication networks (fixed or mobile) in Iran. Method This is a survey study. Participants were 49 managers and experts from Iran’s telecommunication networks (fixed and mobile), who were selected using a stratified random sampling method from a study population (n=980). A questionnaire was used to collect the information which had acceptable content validity (CVR=0.63) and reliability (Cronbach’s α=0.88). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS software, version 27.0.1. Results Based on the findings, 26.3% of changes in crisis management in the telecommunication networks organization were explained by system quality, 17.4% by information quality and 14.4% by the knowledge of users and analysts, which showed the relatively moderate effect of system quality on crisis management. The three domains together explained 28.3% of the changes in crisis management, which was a relatively moderate effect. Conclusion The relative weights of system quality, information quality, and knowledge of users and analysts indicates that Iran’s telecommunication network organizations (fixed and mobile) have information systems with relatively moderate quality that are not suitable for administrative levels.