1 2322-5955 Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization 359 Special Vulnerability Assessment of Historical Land uses in Khansar Region and Their Prioritization in Rescue Operations with a Disaster Management Approach Jovzi Khameslouei Ali b Jovzi Khameslouei Ameneh c b PhD Student of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of geographic sciences and planning. Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran, Corresponding Author c PhD Student of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of geographic sciences and planning. Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran 1 1 2021 10 4 324 309 10 07 2020 14 08 2020 Background and Objective. In recent decades, vulnerability assessment in urban land uses such as historic building in order to increase their resilience and resistance to various human and natural hazards has received more attention. Due to the special geographic condition and special topography of the region, Khansar historical land uses are exposed to all kind of disaster and damages and a comprehensive study of these urban components in the form of crisis management plans is of fundamental importance and necessity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the vulnerability of historical land uses in Khansar region and their regional priority in rescue and disaster management operations. Method: Research data were collected in the form of both groups of fundamental and managerial indicators using the innovative 121 checklists of researchers and after classification were analyzed in AHP hierarchical model. Maps are also draw in the GIS software environment. Finding. Result show that historical land uses of Khansar region are very vulnerable in terms of fundamental and infrastructure and have little resilience in possible disasters. On the other hand, the weakness in disaster management and planning processes in these land uses has led to rescue operations, emergency evacuation and disaster management in these land uses with serious challenges. Conclusion. Historical land uses located in the central part of the study area, i.e. the city of Khansar with a final weight of 0.60 in both fundamental and managerial indicators in the AHP model have the highest vulnerability and are the first of disaster response and rescue operations. In general, the Historical land uses of Khansar have an acute, critical and very vulnerable situation according to all indicators in probable hazards. Develop and implement comprehensive disaster plans, strengthen historical building, implement passive defense strategies, participate in the crisis management process and use the power of all executive agencies in the event of an accident are the most important defense strategies to increase the resilience of these uses in crises and disasters.
364 Special Investigating the effect of passing retroversion heavy machinery on decreasing flood crisis relief on their pavement failure Khabiri Mohammad Mehdi d Ansari Omid e Ghaforifard Zohrah f d Faculty member, Associted Prefesor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yazd University,Iran. e Master science student of Highway and Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yazd University, Iran. f Master science student of Highway and Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yazd University, Iran. 1 1 2021 10 4 338 325 27 08 2020 24 10 2020 Background and objective: Due to the fact that the desert areas of our country experience devastating floods in autumn and winter, and heavy machinery inevitably need transportation roads for relief and reconstruction in flooded areas. Pavement failure with saturated layers due to floods is considered. Method: In this research, Everstress software has been used for modeling and fine sand with 3 different moisture has been used for the subgrade soil, because the soil of desert cities is sand soil, It is more sensitive to moisture than other soils. Also, 4 types of loaders were used in modeling because this machine is mostly used in flood conditions. To investigate this issue, two parameters of maximum horizontal strain under asphalt layer and vertical strain on subgrade soil are considered. Findings: The results show that with increasing the percentage of sububgrade moisture and decreasing CBR, the values of vertical strain on the subgrade increase and the horizontal strain under the asphalt layer decrease. Found and with increasing weight loaders increase vertical strain and decrease horizontal strain. Conclusion: The use of relief equipment appropriate to the existing infrastructure is justified in order to use machines with wheel weight and less total weight should be used in passages with weaker infrastructure, because according to the results, with increasing humidity, bed soil and pavement are weakened and its load-bearing capacity is reduced, and heavy machinery traffic destroys pavement. Use of appropriate materials and strengthen the subgrade of urban thoroughfares and access to time Construction can also be a preventative measure to reduce the destructive effects of natural hazards. 366 General Determining the extent of building destruction after an earthquake using satellite imagery and fuzzy logic (Case study of Sarpol-e-Zahab region) Jalili Mohammad rasool g Davoodabadi farahani Meysam h g Master of Remote Sensing, Faculty of Engineering, Hekmat Institute of Higher Education, Qom, Iran h Assistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Hekmat Institute of Higher Education, Qom, Iran 1 1 2021 10 4 350 339 07 09 2020 05 11 2020 Background and objective: Earthquake is one of the most destructive natural disasters. Earthquakes occur in urban areas, destroying buildings and injuring people living in them. Urban center buildings are among the features that are exposed to many hazards during an earthquake. One of the first measures taken after an earthquake is relief. Locating damaged buildings can speed up relief efforts. One of the main sources in preparing the demolition of buildings is the science of remote sensing. Many researches have been done in the field of damage assessment using remote sensing images and the purpose of this research is to determine the extent of building destruction after an earthquake using plaidis data and fuzzy logic. Method: In this study, we used Plydez satellite images related to before and after the earthquake, in a period of less than one week after the earthquake. In this study, the first-order statistical tissue properties and the properties obtained from the matrix also were used. Then, using the genetic optimization algorithm, the optimal tissue properties were selected and using the isodita clustering and integration algorithm. Spectral information and optimal texture properties were determined for the roofs of the extracted buildings of three classes. Findings: The condition of the buildings was done by a fuzzy inference system with Mamdani inference motor and fuzzy rules database designed using reference buildings and a total of 250 buildings were entered into the algorithm and classified into three classes of destruction. Conclusion: The main output of this research was the demolition plan including three classes of healthy buildings to low degradation, high degradation and destruction. The use of reference buildings in estimating the accuracy of the proposed method showed an accuracy of 74% and acceptable method in determining the condition of buildings after the earthquake. 368 Special Vulnerability Zoning of Tehran in Natural Disasters with respect of Population Groups Dehghan Farouji Fatemeh i Bahramian Zahra j i Seismology and Risk Department, Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center,Tehran, Iran j School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 1 1 2021 10 4 362 351 19 09 2020 21 11 2020 Background and Objective: Population groups are not the same in terms of vulnerabilities in respect of natural hazards occurrence, and women, children and the elderly persons, are more vulnerable than other populations. Gender can also affect the vulnerabilities so that experiences from past disasters have shown that women and girls are more vulnerable to men and boys. On the other hand, women and girls, if they are empowered, can enhance community capacity in the face of natural disasters. The marital status of individuals such as single, married, widowed and divorced also affects the degree of vulnerability of individuals. Therefore, studying the status of vulnerable populations can be crucial in proper planning to prevent and reduce disaster risks and, today, the gender perspective is one of the smartest approaches to manage and reduce disaster risks. The objective of this paper is vulnerability zoning of Tehran in natural disasters with population groups perspective. It considers gender disaggregated data on vulnerable populations including children (girls and boys), women and men (considering their marital status), and elderly persons (elderly women and men). Method: In this paper, Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to identify and prioritize the vulnerable areas of the city. The proposed method includes constructing a hierarchical structure of criteria and sub-criteria, preparing vulnerability maps based on each sub-criterion, generating a binary comparison matrix, calculating the significance coefficient of criteria and sub-criteria, calculating the consistency ratio and calculating each area vulnerability. Thus, priority urban areas are identified for empowerment and capacity building. Findings: Tehran is a vulnerable city in respect of natural hazards occurrence, and the status of population groups have increased its vulnerability. In this paper, according to the gender disaggregated data on vulnerable population groups in the 22 districts of Tehran, vulnerable districts were identified and prioritized. Conclusion: Based on the findings, districts 4, 5, 15, and 20 are priority areas that need to be empowered vulnerable populations. 367 Special Application of a Hybrid Approach to Locating Emergency Accommodation Centers in Earthquake Crisis - A Case Study of Bushehr City Jamali Shahla k Shahbandarzadeh Hamid l Ghorbanpour Ahmad m k Master of Science, Department of Industrial Management, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran. l Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran. m Associate Professor Department of Industrial Management, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran. 1 1 2021 10 4 378 363 08 09 2020 30 11 2020 Background and objective: Earthquakes are one of the most important disaster in cities and often occur on different scales. One of the most pressing needs after the earthquake is determain location for the temporary accommodation of the affected population. To this end, this study seeks is ranking initial response centers by use of mixed approach. Methodology: First, the performance indicators identified by examining the theoretical findings. Then, the relative importance of functional indices was calculated using the CRITIC Approach. Second, the emergency accommodation centers were ranked using a multi attribute utility theory approach. The statistical population of this study consisted of managers and specialists in Bushehr province as well as faculty members of the Persian Gulf University who had appropriate theoretical and empirical knowledge in crisis management with special emphasis on earthquakes. The statistical population of this study includes managers and specialists of Bushehr province as well as faculty members of the Persian Gulf University who had good experimental and theoretical knowledge in the field of cris management with special emphasis on earthquakes. In this study, data analysis was performed with CRITIC approach to evaluate the importance of indicators and multi-criteria tool theory approach for ranking emergency accommodation centers. Findings:The indicators "distance from unsafe areas", "access to medical centers", "access to a fire station", "distance from a natural hazard" and "distance from inappropriate items" are very important. They weigh 0.18, 0.16, 0.14, 0.09, 0.08, respectively. Also, the options of "Phase 2 of Imam Ali Park" with a weight of 0.92, "Air and Marine Base" with a weight of 0.91, "Niayesh Town" with a weight of 0.8 and "International Exhibition" with a weight of 0.55, to You have a higher ranking order. Conclusion: The results showed that indicators of distance from unsafe areas (such as dilapidated areas), access to medical centers and access to the fire station are of higher importance, respectively. Therefore, in order to respond quickly and appropriately after an earthquake, decision makers need to pay more attention to these indicators. Also, the results show that in case of an earthquake in Bushehr, the locations of "Phase II of Imam Ali Park", "Air and Marine Base" and "Niayesh Town" as serious and suitable options for emergency accommodation in the event of an earthquake crisis in They are Bushehr. 373 General Evaluation of green spaces of Hashtgerd new city from the perspective of emergency evacuation Fallahi Alireza n Hassani Atoosa o n Professor and Head of post disaster reconstruction Department,Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. o Ph.D. Student of Architecture, Architecture and Urban Planning faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1 1 2021 10 4 394 379 04 10 2020 13 12 2020 Background & Objects: Preparedness for an earthquake is one of the most important factors in reducing the fatalities caused by it; this preparedness has various aspects that can be designed with proper planning so that the city suffers the least damage in the moment of disasters such as an earthquake. Proper open and green spaces, in addition to improving the quality of daily life in cities, can increases the city's rehabilitation capacity in earthquake-prone zones. In this study, the aim is to identify the important role of urban open spaces in rescue and emergency shelter after the earthquake, vulnerability of these spaces in the Hashtgerd new town, and their response to the population density. Method: The present research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. In this method, information was collected by reviewing documents, conducting field studies, and studying specialized sources. Access to green spaces, proportionality to population density, land use and distance from relief centers were selected and finally by quantitative content analysis and weighting of each of the indicators by AHP method in Expert Choice software and review of green spaces according to individual Indicators in GIS software, critical zone revealed. Findings: During the article process, by examining the vulnerability of urban green spaces with the indicators of proximity to faults, proximity to relief centers, access to them, compatibility with surrounding land uses and population density, it is determined that only about 12% From the area of the city, which includes phases one, two, three and part of phase four, they are in a critical situation and very vulnerable. Instead, 69.23% of its area has low and very low vulnerability and 18.69% have moderate vulnerability. Conclusion: Considering that 3.81% of the area of green spaces in the city is in a critical situation (which these sections are located in phases 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the city) for solution creating appropriate access and balanced distribution of green spaces throughout the city, increase their number and prevent the conversion of gardens and green spaces into residential lands, remove hazardous uses from the city limits, increase relief centers And the consolidation of soil and terracing of green spaces on the slope to prevent landslides following a possible earthquake can reduce the vulnerability of green spaces in Hashtgerd and provide safer conditions when evacuating and housing the earthquake victims. 378 Special Determining the components of resilience with emphasis on environmental resilience in a possible earthquake in Tehran Salimi Tari Azizolah p Babaei Semiromi Farzam Tabesh Mohammad Reza Arjmandi Reza Heidari Amirhooshang p PhD Student, Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Science and Research Branch, Islamc Azad University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Science and Research Branch, Islamc Azad University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Science and Research Branch, Islamc Azad University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Science and Research Branch, Islamc Azad University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor of Scientific Policy Research Center 1 1 2021 10 4 407 395 05 11 2020 06 12 2020 Background and objective: Tehran metropolis is surrounded by 110 faults and 3 large and active faults and is one of the earthquake prone areas in the country. Therefore, it is necessary to study its resilience in the event of an earthquake. In recent years, the study of the necessity and importance of applying the principles of urban resilience and the factors affecting it in reducing risks in cities has attracted the attention of many experts. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to identify and determine the important and effective indicators on resilience in Tehran to deal with a possible earthquake crisis and determine the components affecting environmental resilience. Method: This research has been done through documentary studies and questionnaires. A total of 51 experts and researchers have participated in determining important indicators and sub-indicators influencing earthquake crisis management. Structural analysis is used to examine the effectiveness of the components. finding: The results showed that 7 main components and 39 subcomponents have a decisive role in managing the earthquake crisis in Tehran. The most important main component is institutional-managerial resilience with a weight of 7.03 and a factor load of 0.93 and environmental resource resilience with a factor load of 0.7 has a weight of 6 in earthquake crisis management. Conclusion: The most important subcomponents include social capital, financial security, and resilience of vital arteries weighing 8.18, 8.12, and 8.04, respectively. The correlation of environmental resource resilience with institutional-managerial resilience, socio-cultural resources and physical-infrastructural resources was 0.788, 0.72 and 0.738, respectively, which indicates a high correlation coefficient. Therefore, strengthening the dimensions of social capital and paying attention to physical infrastructure and upgrading the management body in managing the environmental consequences of the earthquake crisis in Tehran are recommended