1 2322-5955 Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization 130 Special Measures of Vulnerability Reduction in Academic Spaces in facing with Earthquake and Fire: Recommendations for Faculty of Law of Shahid Beheshti University Shadifar Ghazaleh Vaezi Mahsa c c Traumatic Reconstruction, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University 1 9 2017 7 2 9 20 25 04 2017 03 07 2017 Background and objective: Educational areas, due to their high number of users, obsolescence and structural instabilities have a high vulnerability to earthquake and fire. Among educational centers, universities are more vulnerable when encountered hazards because of the high number of users as well as unique documents and studies. Non-structural disorders and also lack of awareness of university professors, students and staffs about disaster situation and their functions are among the others causes that prove the importance of this issue. In the present research, Faculty of Law at Shahid Beheshti University has been chosen as a case to investigate and provide strategies to reduce vulnerability against earthquakes. Method: in the present research، the Seismic vulnerability and risk of fire have been studied in organizational, institutional and non-structural dimensions at the faculty of law by applying a descriptive-analytical method of survey type and the use of descriptive and inferential statistics methods, and also referring the theoretical frameworks of crisis management. Findings: According to findings from observations، questionnaires and interviews, Incident Command System has been designed and some measures for risk mitigation in organizational and non-structural level as well as suggestions for preparing in disasters and designing system have been presented. Results: Theoretical and practical trainings like maneuvering and studying course, providing incident command system organizational chart, providing emergency evacuation plan and risk mitigation solutions for non-structural elements are among the measures suggested in the research
136 Special Structural Challenges of Crisis management in ABFA Mashhad Mahdizadeh Mohammad d Haddadsaraei Bahram e Tavkkoli Samane f Ghanbari Fariba g d Faculty of Management & Planning, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran, CEO of Moshaverine rahbord gostar Baktash (Corresponding Author) e Power and Water University (University of Applied Sciences and Technology) Mashhad, Iran. Crisis Management Center, Director (ABFA Mashhad) f Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran. R;D Group, Head (ABFA Mashhad) g Faculty of Architecture, Imam Reza University, Mashhad, Iran. R;D Group, Expert (ABFA Mashhad) 1 9 2017 7 2 21 32 27 04 2017 05 07 2017 Background and objective: The future is not always smooth sailing, and is sometimes marked by crises. Since crisis management is not the organization's daily and routine tasks, most managers are not prepared facing with the crisis. More organizations are often unaware of it and only think about crisis management when it is too late. The aim of the present study is that all employees and managers in ABFA Mashhad Company become familiar towards crisis management and can prevent it in the first place with the provisions and secondly, be ready to deal with the crisis. On the other hand, they can coordinate the activities of internal and external organizations and departments in the five stages of crisis management. Accordingly, the main objective of the research is to produce and identify procedures for crisis management and identifying enable organizations in crisis management and their possibilities in dealing with the crisis. Method: The present study is an applied research in terms of the purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the method and based on a combination of field survey methods, interviews, observations, meetings and other data collection tools such as questionnaires have been utilized as needed. The combination of the methods was used to identify the situation, problems, and solutions. This study consists of 20 questions that have been answered in the process of the research. Findings: It is obvious that the results of this research project, in addition to promoting ABFA Mashhad Company capabilities for crisis prevention and dealing it, will also lead to the reduction of financial and economic costs. 129 Special Solidarity Factors of the loops of Humanitarian Supply Chain Management in Natural Disaster Salehi-Tadi Emad h Khani Naser i h Management Department, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad university , Najafabad,Iran i Management Department, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad university, Najafabad,Iran 1 9 2017 7 2 33 43 30 04 2017 07 07 2017 Background and Objective: since numerous natural disasters occur in the world every year, it is important to have a humanitarian supply chain because it makes it easy to transfer of necessities to the victims and related first aiders. The aim of the present study is to introduce the coherence factors in the loops of humanitarian supply chain. Methods: in this review research, more than 20 foreign and national articles were studied along with taking notes to introduce the coherence factors in loop of humanitarian supply chain and the identified factors were classified based on theory of technology, organization and environment (TOE). Findings: This study reveals that three main factors namely organization, environment, technology as well as fourteen indices including high management, human resource, assessment, quality management. Logistic, strategy and planning, organizational cultural, social and cultural conditions logical politic conditions, economic conditions, environmental technology, geological conditions, intelligence systems, and training technology affect the performance of humanitarian supply chain. Then, each of the above indices is subdivided into other indices which build a collection of 65 sub- indices. Conclusion: the result of the research show that a disaster management needs an efficient and coherent supply chain to bind the measure and activities of all organizations involving in a disaster, and any deficiency in above factors leads to breaking humanitarian supply chain. 131 Special Flood hazard zonation using multi-criteria analysis and GIS (case study: Izeh Township) Hatami Nejad Hossein j Atashafrooz Nasrin k Arvin Mahmood l j Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Iran k Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran l geography and urban planning Tehran University, Iran 1 9 2017 7 2 44 57 07 05 2017 09 07 2017 Background and objective: Numerous floods in different parts of the country have always led to a lot of damage in various fields; thus, preparing a comprehensive plan of flood control seems essential. Residential and urban development in the riversides and the bed of the floodplain regardless of hydrological and hydraulic conditions of the river causes increased flood risk. Therefore, flood management and identification of vulnerable zones is essential to reduce annual flood damage and minimize the damage and control it in the urban and rural environment. The aim of this study is to fine-mapping of flood risk in Izeh city. Method: To achieve this target, 12 indicators namely aquifers, climate, vegetation, elevation, geology, and distance from waterway network, geologic formations, land use, evaporation, isorain, and isothermal were used.  The relative weight of criteria was obtained using AHP method and the target layers have been overlapped using geographic information system. Findings: The final map of flood zonation showed that about 43 percent of the city is at very high risk zone; 16.14% is in the high risk zone, 12.46% is in medium risk zone, 10.19% is in the low risk zone and 8.3 percent is in very low risk zone in terms of flood prevention. The map shows that about 60% of the city areas are in the very high and high risk zones of flooding. Result: according to damage assessment map, the greatest damage among the Izeh City areas is related to eastern and western Susan, and the villages of the south river trail. In fact, areas that are located in mountainous location are under threat of flooding because all of these areas are between the mountains or the intersection of the valley and gorge. In general, it can be said the flood hazard zoning maps help to non-structural flood management and allow planners to select the safe areas in terms of flood prone for the purpose of development 133 General Investigating the level of Preparation to encounter the Earth quake in Females’ Secondary Schools of Ilam province, (Dehloran and Moormoori) in (2015-2016) Esmailiy Masomeh Shahi Sakineh n n Chamran university of Ahvaz. Iran 1 9 2017 7 2 58 67 10 05 2017 11 07 2017 Objective: The main goal of the present study is to investigate the level of preparation to deal with earthquake in secondary schools of education department of Ilam province in two regions of Dehloran and Moormoori . Method: Research methodology was mixed (quantitative and qualitative) method. Questionnaire, interview, and check list have been used as the research tools. In this study, in the quantity section, two questionnaires were used which one of them was a researcher-made questionnaire. Thereliability of the questionnaires was obtained at the level of 0.8 using Cronbach's alpha according to Faramarzinia et el., (2014) questionnaire and the researcher- made questionnaire reliability were obtained at the level of .80 and .9 for students, teachers and principals, respectively. Statistic population in this study included all principals, teachers and students working or studying in female secondary schools in Ilam (Dehloran and Moormoori) in (2015-2016), among them, 291 students and 91 teachers were selected using a simple random sampling and Cochran formula. In order to analyze quantitative data, descriptive statistics methods (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and in inferential statistics to test the questions, single-sample t-test and ratio test methods were used. In the qualitative section of research, the method of sampling in interview was full enumeration in a way that all 8 school principals were interviewed. The method of content analysis was also used for the qualitative data analysis. Findings: The results of the research showed that the students, principals, and teachers were relatively prepared to encounter the earthquake, However, this readiness has not been enough and there is a need to improve the students and teachers in knowledge and skill dimensions. In respect of the physical dimension (strength and building safety), schools have an undesirable situation. Results: With regard to the seismicity of areas, to improve the two dimensions of knowledge and skill, it is needed to hold targeted, continuous, and practical maneuvers and also, in respect of the physical dimension, it is needed to retrofit schools.    134 Special Analysis of sustainable urban development in Tehran metropolis from the geomorphologic hazards view (Case Study: District One of Tehran Municipality) Shayan Siavash o Amounia Hamid p o Natural Geography, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran p geomorphology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1 9 2017 7 2 68 84 12 05 2017 16 07 2017 Background and objective: One of the fundamental factors in urban planning is the issue of hazards performance evaluation, prediction and control. Our country is located in one of the riskiest areas of the planet in terms of natural hazards and its diversity. Today, natural hazard extend their threats more to the cities and harsh human environments and make their development more vulnerable. This is very evident in a dense metropolis of Tehran, especially in the mountainous region of the district 1. Method: This research seeks to approach the issue of sustainable urban development in the district 1 of Tehran metropolis with natural hazard approach especially geomorphological hazards. in the present study, at first using library studies, we attempted to evaluate the concept of sustainable urban development and natural hazards and in the next step, field studies were conducted for a comprehensive understanding of the region and with the help of network analysis method, research variables were analyzed and zoned in accordance with the research objectives and ultimately, the assessment of sustainable urban development was defined and explained. Findings: The research has been designed around two main sections. The issue of zoning of natural hazards, particularly a range of issues was analyzed and in the next step, the sustainable urban development was assessed in the context of natural hazards. Results: Results:  As the study results from hazard zonation and assessment indicate, the region is at a high risk level of 73.11%. The issues such as the weight of urban construction and the natural hazards (poor housing planning), the problems of urban worn out buildings, natural hazards, non-standard gradients and their damage, and ultimately, the slippery landslide of residential areas all indicate that it has to be more careful in the management of land usages and turn up to replace residential usages with low-risk usages such as green space. 143 Special Evaluation of Baresar Village Reconstruction after the 1990 Roudbar Earthquake Aslani Fereshteh Hosseinzadeh Samira mousavian fatemehsadat Seismology Engineering, International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Tehran, Iran Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Sadat Mousavian Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University , Tehran, Iran 1 9 2017 7 2 85 94 15 05 2017 18 07 2017 Background and objective: Because of the location of Iran in high-risk areas, this country is subjected to severe earthquakes. One of the most catastrophic disasters is Roudbar-Manjil earthquake on June 21, 1990 that was caused a lot of damages. The damage was not limited only in these areas and widely spread. One of these affected areas was Baresar village which is the subject of the present paper. After the earthquake, the reconstruction was done and the village was relocated. This paper tries to recognize the old and new Baresar after reconstruction. Also, it tries to identify the factors influencing the success of the village reconstruction in order to evaluate it. Method: Comparison of the old village and the reconstructed one, the old housing and the new one, the old construction and the new one is the aim of this paper. It tries to understand the views of the people about the reconstructed village in order to review the reconstruction. For this purpose, data analysis is done using a qualitative approach. The required data are collected through studying books, articles, essays and websites. Then, in order to complete the information, a trip was done to the village on November 2013. This visit aimed to conduct fieldwork including interviews with residents and collecting information by photos, sketches and maps. After collecting data, SWOT technique was applied in order to analyze and interpret them. Findings: One of the most significant issues in Baresar village is the decision of relocation. Old experiences indicate that relocation is something beyond the physical movement of people and their buildings to a new place. It appears that a comprehensive analysis was not done on this village in order to relocate and select an appropriate site. In other words, merely the transfer of individuals, groups and properties had been considered in relocation while relocation is complete transfer of a community with all assets. Therefore, this decision should be reconsidered. Conclusion: This paper concludes that after 24 years from the village reconstruction, life is not going as it was expected. Despite efforts, the reconstructed Baresar is not in optimal conditions. Lack of respect to the social structure of old village, neglecting the needs, wants and interests of the villagers, neglecting culture and their livelihood, a linear reconstruction, failure to comply with the old construction of village, inattention to the past and dissatisfaction all result in a relatively unsuccessful reconstruction that this paper presents them.