Introduction
Firefighting is one of the most dangerous jobs. Various factors can harm firefighters including the sound of fire alarm, the stress of driving and traffic, the stress of answering the call, the sound of sirens and loudspeakers, the products of fire such as smoke and toxic gases, heat, contact or absorption of chemicals through the skin, physical injuries in operations, types of radiation, witnessing heart-wrenching scenes, complications from explosions, ergonomics of devices, equipment and machines, and transportation of heavy equipment. This study aims to investigate the career resilience of firefighters in Iran based on work safety climate, occupational accidents, and organizational cynicism. The first hypothesis is that organizational cynicism has a significant relationship with the career resilience of firefighters. The second hypothesis is that the work safety climate is significantly related to the career resilience of firefighters.

Methods
This study uses the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Participants were 300 firefighters who were selected from 16 fire stations in Tehran, district 7. We used 3 questionnaires, including the organizational cynicism scale with 17 items, the Nordic safety climate questionnaire with 50 items, and Morgan Lyon’s Career Resilience Scale with 25 items. The reliability of the questionnaires in our study calculated by Cronbach’s α for these questionnaires were 0.87, 0.55, and 0.85, respectively. After collecting data, the correlation between the hidden variables related to the scales, including work safety, career resilience and organizational cynicism, were calculated. AMOS software, version 24, was used to design SEM models.

Results
The findings of regression analysis showed that among the domains of work safety climate, lack of attention to workers’ perceptions of safety issues had the highest significant negative effect (-0.779, P<0.05) on work safety, followed by lack of attention to the safety of co-workers at work (-0.746) and lack of care for each other’s safety (-0.705). On the other hand, workers’ helping each other to work safely (0.683) and the manager’s attention to the perceptions of workers involved in operations (0.681) were the most important factors in the work safety enhancement. The most important factors in increasing career resilience included updating workers’ skills according to standards (0.740), seeking to learn the specified items related to work (0.737) and identifying the future career path by studying or attending specialized courses (0.732). The most important factors in the exacerbation of organizational cynicism included feeling sad (0.853) and anxious (0.849) when thinking of the organization and exitance of gap between words and actions (0.774). The likelihood estimation value for the SEM model was 4673.97, which was significant (P<0.05). The analysis of variance results showed that the work safety climate between firefighters was significantly different based on age, level of education, and work experience.

Conclusion
Factors such as discrimination for punishment or reward, failure to implement the sentences on time, differences in policies and goals, and the gap between words and actions in managers caused organizational cynicism among firefighters, which had a direct impact on reducing their career resilience. Due to the inherent risk-taking trait in firefighting job, the work safety climate items had the most impact on the resilience of firefighters. Managers’ lack of attention to safety issues and lack of care for the livelihoods and job promotion of firefighters had caused organizational cynicism among the firefighters. The necessity of teamwork in operations increases the work safety of firefighters.
According to the results, the work safety climate is not desirable among firefighters in Tehran, Iran. Among the study domains, lack of attention to firefighters’ perceptions of safety issues by managers and firefighters’ lack of attention to each other’s safety issues had the lowest scores. In other domains, the status was relatively acceptable. The gap between words and actions in the organization had led to feelings of upset and anger among firefighters. Overall, it can be concluded that in addition to individual variables such as individual and environmental safety, other variables, such as managerial performance, affect the formation of work safety climate in firefighters. If the facilities are provided, attention is paid to firefighters’ opinions, and their educational conditions are promoted, it will improve the situation and satisfaction of the firefighters. According to the results, there is a positive correlation between work safety climate and career resilience, indicating that by improving the safety conditions of the work, the resilience of firefighters increases, or vice versa. Organizational cynicism has a negative relationship with the career resilience of firefighters, indicating that organizational cynicism can reduce the resilience of firefighters. On the contrary, the improvement of resilience and its effective factors can reduce organizational cynicism among firefighters.

Ethical Considerations

Compliance with ethical guidelines
The present research was conducted with the informed consent of the participants, as well as compliance with all ethical principles and the principle of confidentiality.

Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors. 

Authors' contributions
Methodology and Conclusions: Esmaeil Sadri Demirchi; Data analysis, Genealogical method, and Research background: Afrasiab Kheirdast; Preparing the introduction, Analyzing the results and findings: Amin Padash; Working method, discussion and conclusion: Eslam Ali khodabandehlou; Technical editing and typesetting: Zahra Mohammadi Jahdi.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgements
We would like to thank all professors and respected colleagues in universities and Tehran fire department who answered the research questions.




References