Introduction
Crisis management is an applied knowledge that seeks to find tools and models by which it can predict crises to prevent or reduce their consequences, and provide quick and planned relief in case of a crisis to restore the status of the city or region to normal condition. Despite the tremendous advances in technology and gaining the experiences of the past centuries, human beings have still problems in the face of unexpected events such as earthquakes, and there are always many casualties and financial and human losses. Despite the progress in the provision of emergency aid (medical, nutrition, etc.) after the disaster in recent decades, an important part still has little improvement compared to other dimensions, which is the temporary shelter after the disaster. The management, design and construction of temporary shelter with suitable conditions requires thinking and planning. The current study focuses on the planning, management and design of a temporary accommodation camp as well as the design of a temporary shelter in the football field located in Shahid Beheshti University. This place is located in Velenjak (District 1), one of the districts of Tehran, and is located on the northern fault, one of the main faults in Tehran. Students, professors and employees and personnel of the university in Tehran are often not residents of this city and live in dormitories or rented houses. As a result, temporary accommodation of these people and making necessary arrangements are needed. 

Methods
This is a descriptive-analytical survey study. Qualitative interviews with five experts, field observation, documents, and articles were used for collecting information. In this regard, the design indicators for the accommodation camp and various methods of implementation and selection of materials were extracted. Then, using the hierarchical analysis method, a pairwise comparison of these factors was performed and the indicators were prioritized. At the end, the possible options for building a shelter were measured with these indicators. From their combination, the required pattern was extracted, and a temporary accommodation camp suitable for the proposed site was designed and presented with this pattern.

Results 
To provide a suitable physical model of temporary accommodation, it is important to identify the required design indicators, including attention to climate, production, storage, easy transportation, and privacy of users. In this regard, the accident command system, transportation, health/welfare needs and temporary accommodation for students in the football field of the university were designed. Considering the location of the site (District 1) and to reduce the adverse effects of the victims’ accommodation and interaction with local services, there is no need to design all the services needed by the temporary accommodation camp. To provide the required services, the facilities of the site can be used in the first phase. In the next phase, the facilities found in the district can be used. A per capita of 35 square meters per person was considered for the camp land. This per capita includes roads, passages, shelter area (per capita shelter was considered 3.5 square meters per person) and gathering spaces.
The facilities designed for the site to be used for three months included: Security room, office, toilet and bathroom (separated for men and women), a place for washing clothes and collecting water (separated for men and women), emergency warehouses, meeting spaces (separated for men and women), water supply tank, emergency power generator, sports space, shelter units, access passages. Each accommodation unit uses the LSF structural system, and cement sheets were used for the outer and inner walls. The ceiling panel design was modular which can be removed easily. Each unit had a height of 30 cm from the floor. A suitable living space was provided with the possibility of adding a small wall kitchen. The sunlight enters the living space through a two-meter window. The designed room was suitable for placing three single beds and a wardrobe. The entrance to the room had a sliding door, determined for optimal use of space.
The proposed design was finally evaluated based on the design indicators such as people’s participation, cost, workforce, and meeting the spatial needs of users.

Conclusion 
Considering the economic, environmental and psychological conditions of the residents, and issues such as innovative locating, flexibility, coordinated planning and reusability and the use of social capital, we presented a temporary accommodation camp in Tehran. The results give an insight into the construction projects related to temporary accommodation and transportation in post-disaster conditions in Tehran. 

Ethical Considerations

Compliance with ethical guidelines
All ethical principles were considered in this research.

Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors. 

Authors' contributions
Methodology, Investigation, Writing: Mobin Ghaderi and Sadaf Ezatpoor; Analysis, Supervision, review and editing: Mobin Ghaderi; Resources, 3D rendering, Basic information: Sadaf Ezatpoor.

Conflict of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.




References