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Volume 13, Issue 4 (Winter 2024)                   Disaster Prev. Manag. Know. 2024, 13(4): 434-449 | Back to browse issues page


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Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh M, Parvizian A. Assessing the Seismic Vulnerability of the Worn Texture Area of Hasirabad, Ahvaz, From the Perspective of Physical Indicators. Disaster Prev. Manag. Know. 2024; 13 (4) :434-449
URL: http://dpmk.ir/article-1-636-en.html
1- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Introduction
Although knowledge of long-term population trends remains incomplete globally, the world’s population has rapidly urbanized over the last century, with urbanization rates expected to reach 70% by 2050. Disasters, in general, have the potential to severely affect rapidly growing residential areas, potentially causing fatal injuries and massive damage to infrastructure and property. Natural disasters can lead to significant damages and losses. Examples of significant recent natural disasters include the 2016 rain and floods in northern Wisconsin, the Spirit Lake tsunami at Mount St. Helens, and the 2011 East Japan tsunami earthquake. In response, various societies are continually seeking solutions for crisis management to mitigate urban risks from diverse crises. Therefore, these communities should use a solution to reduce the risk of cities against various crises. Common natural hazards and humanitarian crises were examined to explain ways to increase and facilitate better defense of global communities, examine options, and evaluate technological solutions for their risk and harm reduction value. 
The urban crisis management approach has become particularly relevant as many city populations continue to expand. It has found a special application in the construction of safe environments. Currently, some inefficient urban structures have struggled to establish a proper relationship with their environments. This misalignment not only affects the physical fabric of the city but also impacts its social and environmental atmosphere. Among the issues of urban development and its relationship with crisis management, one of the important and worthy topics is the issue of the vulnerability of worn-out urban tissues. This concern has consistently engaged planners, urban managers, governments, nations, and urban crisis management teams. In Iran, approximately 72,000 hectares of such worn-out fabric exist across 498 cities, accounting for 15% of the country’s total area and about 25% of its urban population. Ahvaz, as an emerging metropolis, suffers from the existence of 11 neighborhoods with dilapidated texture. The expansion of these structures within the core of Ahvaz, the economic hub, coupled with their lack of alignment with new citizen needs, inconsistencies with modern standards, inappropriate uses, and the gaps between existing and standard per capita uses contribute to these challenges.  Additional issues include low permeability, ineffective communication routes, and inadequate rescue equipment coverage, leading to a significant deficiency in urban per capita and poor residential area quality. Hasirabad, in particular, is the largest urban dilapidated area in the Ahvaz metropolis, spanning 111.996 hectares. The low population capacity, instability of the buildings, and material impermeability in this area necessitate an assessment of physical vulnerability. Regarding the importance and necessity of the issue, the written scientific documents, experts’ views, and the available evidence all point to the physical deterioration of Hasirabad’s fabric in the Ahvaz metropolis. Among the most important aspects of urban fabric deterioration, this research emphasized physical-structural wear, functional wear, and economic or relative wear. Ahvaz City, as one of the existing megacities with an area of 20,238 hectares and a population of 1,215,840 people, suffers from the existence of 11 dilapidated neighborhoods with an area of 1,600 hectares. This article assessed the area of physical vulnerability of Hasirabad’s infrastructure to aid local authorities and policymakers in pre-crisis management planning for Ahvaz City. 

Methods
The present research employed a spatial-structural approach with a development-applied purpose and utilizes a descriptive-analytical methodology. To meet the objectives of the research, seven indicators of building skeleton, material, number of floors, number of building units, age and life of the building, grain size, and permeability were extracted. The spatial autocorrelation method in Geoda software and Moran’s local indicator of spatial association were used to analyze patterns, prioritize worn tissues, and assess vulnerability zones in the Hasirabad neighborhood using geostatistical tools in ArcGIS software. 

Results 
Significant parts of this texture are relatively non-resistant to completely non-resistant, especially in the northern and southern parts of the texture, where erosion is more severe. Consequently, the building textures in these areas are prioritized for reinforcement planning. Also, spatial comparisons within the area showed that alley number one exhibits the most unstable conditions, while alleys number two and three are relatively more stable. 
Also, according to map 3, a significant portion (85.57%) of this texture falls within a priority range of 75 to 95%. The level of vulnerability in dormitory number one is particularly severe, placing construction structures in this area among the highest priorities for crisis management planning. 

Conclusion
The analysis of the level of vulnerability in the worn-out tissue showed that in general, in dormitory 1, low non-resistant and resistant surfaces cover a large part of the tissue. In dormitory 2, most buildings have low and medium resistance, and in dormitory 3, buildings have medium and high strength. We concluded that in addition to the physical characteristics of the building, other factors, such as dominant land use and population density play an effective role in the earthquake risk of this neighborhood of Ahvaz metropolis.

Ethical Considerations

Compliance with ethical guidelines

All principles of research ethics have been observed in this article.

Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors.

Authors' contributions
All authors equally contribute to preparing all parts of the research.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
 


 
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Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2023/10/15 | Accepted: 2024/01/16 | ePublished: 2024/02/29

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