Background and Objective: The necessity of decreasing the risks in cities against earthquake consider as one of the main objectives in physical and urban planning. Decreasing the risk in cities against the earthquake will happen when the principles of crisis management and consequently passive defense planning are considered at all levels of planning (from spatial planning to architecture). However, the intermediate level, it means urban planning plays a key role in decreasing the risk of Urmia Against the earthquake. The objective of this study is to identify the risk zones in Urmia against earthquake.
Method: To achieve this goal, first, among the various factors affecting the risk level, 12 indicators including areas, structure age, structure resistance, density of residential unit, household density in residential unit, population density, distance from green space, distance from dangerous facilities, distance from grade one access, number of floors, distance from health centers and firewalls were choose. To implement quantitative analyzes, the indicators entered the GIS software. Then, considering the relationship between the indicators and the aim of the study, the type of fuzzy function has been specified and standardization of the layers has been done in IDRISI software. Finally, by influencing the weight of the indicators, obtained using the hierarchical analysis process method in Expert Choice software, the overlay of the layers in the GIS software has been done.
Findings: The maximum important coefficient related to the number of floors and the minimum one is related to the household index in the residential unit.
Results: The results show that the risk level in the northern, northeastern, eastern and southern parts of Urmia is lower than the other parts of Urumieh. On the other hand, the risk level in the central part of the city is in the middle level, and the southeast, west, northwest, and somewhat southwest regions represent a high risk potential.